TEEN THINKING
"OUR MIND IS A DELIGHTFUL CREATURE, IT CAN BE A BEAUTIFUL SERVANT OR A DANGEROUS MASTER. WHAT WE REALLY HAVE IS A 'CHOICE'"
What was he thinking?" It's the familiar cry of bewildered parents trying to understand why their teenagers act the way they do.
How does the boy who can thoughtfully explain the reasons never to drink and drive end up in a drunken crash? Why does the girl who knows all about birth control find herself pregnant by a boy she doesn't even like? What happened to the gifted, imaginative child who excelled through high school but then dropped out of college, drifted from job to job and now lives in his parents' basement
If you think of the teenage brain as a car, today's adolescents acquire an accelerator a long time before they can steer.
Adolescence has always been troubled, but for reasons that are somewhat mysterious, puberty is now kicking in at an earlier and earlier age.
At the same time, first with the industrial revolution and then even more dramatically with the information revolution, children have come to take on adult roles later and later.
What happens when children reach puberty earlier and adulthood later? The answer is: a good deal of teenage weirdness. Fortunately, developmental psychologists and neuro scientists are starting to explain the foundations of that.
The first of these systems has to do with emotion and motivation. It is very closely linked to the biological and chemical changes of puberty and involves the areas of the brain that respond to rewards.
Becoming an adult means leaving the world of your parents and starting to make your way toward the future that you will share with your peers. Puberty not only turns on the motivational and emotional system with new force, it also turns it away from the family and toward the world of equals.
The second crucial system in our brains has to do with control; it channels and harnesses all that seething energy.
Instead of simply giving adolescents more and more school experiences, those extra hours of after-school classes and homework—we could try to arrange more opportunities for apprenticeship.
"Take your child to work" could become a routine practice rather than a single-day annual event, and college students could spend more time watching and helping scientists and scholars at work rather than just listening to their lectures. Summer enrichment activities like camp and travel, now so common for children whose parents have means, might be usefully alternated with summer jobs, with real responsibilities.
The good news, in short, is that we don't have to just accept the developmental patterns of adolescent brains. We can actually shape and change them.